1 Kings 21:9

Authorized King James Version

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And she wrote in the letters, saying, Proclaim a fast, and set Naboth on high among the people:

Original Language Analysis

וַתִּכְתֹּ֥ב And she wrote H3789
וַתִּכְתֹּ֥ב And she wrote
Strong's: H3789
Word #: 1 of 10
to grave, by implication, to write (describe, inscribe, prescribe, subscribe)
בַּסְּפָרִ֖ים in the letters H5612
בַּסְּפָרִ֖ים in the letters
Strong's: H5612
Word #: 2 of 10
properly, writing (the art or a document); by implication, a book
לֵאמֹ֑ר saying H559
לֵאמֹ֑ר saying
Strong's: H559
Word #: 3 of 10
to say (used with great latitude)
קִֽרְאוּ Proclaim H7121
קִֽרְאוּ Proclaim
Strong's: H7121
Word #: 4 of 10
to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
צ֔וֹם a fast H6685
צ֔וֹם a fast
Strong's: H6685
Word #: 5 of 10
a fast
וְהֹשִׁ֥יבוּ and set H3427
וְהֹשִׁ֥יבוּ and set
Strong's: H3427
Word #: 6 of 10
properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 7 of 10
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
נָב֖וֹת Naboth H5022
נָב֖וֹת Naboth
Strong's: H5022
Word #: 8 of 10
naboth, an israelite
בְּרֹ֥אשׁ on high H7218
בְּרֹ֥אשׁ on high
Strong's: H7218
Word #: 9 of 10
the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.)
הָעָֽם׃ among the people H5971
הָעָֽם׃ among the people
Strong's: H5971
Word #: 10 of 10
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

Analysis & Commentary

And she wrote in the letters, saying, Proclaim a fast, and set Naboth on high among the people:

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of naboth's vineyard, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism.

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

Historical Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. Elijah's ministry (c. 860-850 BCE) occurred during Ahab's reign, a time of intense spiritual crisis in Israel.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

Questions for Reflection

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